A female white rhino in Kenya. Photo: Rhett A. Butler / Mongabay

30 October 2018 (Mongabay) – China has legalized the “controlled” use of rhino horn and tiger bone for medical use and cultural purposes in the country, the government announced on 29 October 2018.Rhino horn and tiger bone for medical purposes can only be obtained from farmed rhinos and tigers, the announcement said, while powdered forms of horn and bones from dead tigers can be used “in qualified hospitals by qualified doctors recognized by the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine.” The government has also allowed the trade in rhino and tiger products that qualify as “cultural relics.” Conservation groups are concerned that this decision could have far-reaching consequences for populations of both endangered animals.“With wild tiger and rhino populations at such low levels and facing numerous threats, legalized trade in their parts is simply too great a gamble for China to take,” the World Wildlife Fund (WWF) said in a statement.China banned the trade in tiger bone and rhino horn in 1993, and removed both products from the list of medical ingredients in traditional Chinese medicine’s pharmacopoeia and curriculum — although a black market for these products continues to thrive. The World Federation of Chinese Medicine Societies, a nonprofit organization that takes decisions on what can be used in traditional Chinese medicine, also urged its members to not use endangered wildlife parts and to look for substitutes. Reversing the 25-year ban and legalizing the trade could provide cover for illegal activities, conservationists worry.“Even if restricted to antiques and use in hospitals, this trade would increase confusion by consumers and law enforcers as to which products are and are not legal, and would likely expand the markets for other tiger and rhino products,” the WWF said.Iris Ho, senior specialist for wildlife program and policy at the Humane Society International, added that the move “sets up what is essentially a laundering scheme for illegal tiger bone and rhino horn to enter the marketplace and further perpetuate the demand for these animal parts.”“This is a devastating blow to our ongoing work to save species from cruel exploitation and extinction, and we implore the Chinese government to reconsider,” Ho said. [more]

China legalizes use of tiger bone and rhino horn for traditional medicineAn adult tiger in a captive breeding facility suspected of farming tigers for its bones and other parts. Photo: Janissa Ng / WWF-Singapore

BEIJING, China (29 October 2018) – WWF expresses its profound concern over China’s announcement today that it has legalized the use of tiger bone and rhino horn from captive bred animals by hospitals, and domestic trade in antique tiger and rhino products.WWF urgently calls on China to maintain the ban on tiger bone and rhino horn trade which has been so critical in conserving these iconic species. This should be expanded to cover trade in all tiger parts and products.“It is deeply concerning that China has reversed its 25 year old tiger bone and rhino horn ban, allowing a trade that will have devastating consequences globally”, said Margaret Kinnaird, WWF Wildlife Practice Leader.“Trade in tiger bone and rhino horn was banned in 1993. The resumption of a legal market for these products is an enormous setback to efforts to protect tigers and rhinos in the wild.”China’s experience with the domestic ivory trade has clearly shown the difficulties of trying to control parallel legal and illegal markets for ivory. Not only could this lead to the risk of legal trade providing cover to illegal trade, this policy will also stimulate demand that had otherwise declined since the ban was put in place.”Both tiger bone and rhino horn were removed from the traditional Chinese medicine pharmacopeia in 1993, and the World Federation of Chinese Medicine Societies released a statement in 2010 urging members not to use tiger bone or any other parts from endangered species.Even if restricted to antiques and use in hospitals, this trade would increase confusion by consumers and law enforcers as to which products are and are not legal, and would likely expand the markets for other tiger and rhino products.“With wild tiger and rhino populations at such low levels and facing numerous threats, legalized trade in their parts is simply too great a gamble for China to take. This decision seems to contradict the leadership China has shown recently in tackling the illegal wildlife trade, including the closure of their domestic ivory market, a game changer for elephants warmly welcomed by the global community,” Kinnaird added.WWF further calls on China to set a clear plan and timeline to close existing captive tiger breeding facilities used for commercial purposes. Such tiger farms pose a high risk to wild tiger conservation by complicating enforcement and increasing demand in tiger products.

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WWF statement on China’s legalization of domestic trade in tiger bone and rhino horn