Change in ocean pH, preindustrial-2100 CE. NRDC / Virginia Institute of Marine Science

The pH of ocean waters has decreased by about 0.1 since preindustrial times. Each tenth of a pH point represents a tenfold change in acidity. Living corals begin to die off in acidic waters, and the calcium carbonate shells of mollusks, including some commercial shellfish, become weak, resulting in higher rates of mortality.

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